中文:我感冒了,一直流鼻水,喉嚨也很痛,好想請假
英文:I have a cold with a runny nose and a sore throat, and I’d like to take a sick day
情境一:日常口語表達
適用時機
與朋友、家人或關係較好的同事在非正式場合使用
常用說法
Ugh, I think I’m coming down with a cold. My nose won’t stop running and my throat is killing me. I’m probably gonna take the day off.
- 中文:唉,我好像感冒了。鼻水流不停,喉嚨也痛死了。我可能要請假一天
- 發音重點:coming down with
要連讀,聽起來像 comin-down-with
。gonna
是 going to
的口語縮略
I’m feeling pretty under the weather. Got a runny nose and a sore throat. Really thinking about calling in sick.
- 中文:我感覺蠻不舒服的。有點流鼻水和喉嚨痛。真的在考慮打電話請病假
- 發音重點:under the weather
是一個常用的片語,指身體不適,發音時語調可以帶點無奈
I’ve definitely caught a bug. My throat’s all scratchy and my nose is like a faucet. No way I’m going to work.
- 中文:我肯定是被傳染感冒了。我喉嚨超癢,鼻子像水龍頭一樣。我才不要去上班
- 發音重點:caught a bug
中的 caught
發音要清楚,bug
在這裡指小病毒
- 用法: 對朋友或家人描述症狀時可以比較生動或誇張,例如 throat is killing me
或 nose is like a faucet
。
情境二:正式商務場合
適用時機
商務會議、對長輩或不熟悉的人
專業表達
Good morning, [Boss’s Name]. I’m calling to let you know that I won’t be able to come in today. I’ve come down with a cold and have a sore throat.
- 中文:早安,[主管名字]。我打電話來是想告知您我今天無法進公司。我感冒了,而且喉嚨有點痛
- 語調:語氣應保持平穩、專業,即使身體不適,也要聽起來很可靠
I’m not feeling well this morning. I’m experiencing some cold symptoms, like a runny nose and a sore throat, so I’d like to request a sick day.
- 中文:我今天早上不太舒服。我出現了一些感冒症狀,像是流鼻水和喉嚨痛,所以我想申請請病假一天
- 用法:I’m experiencing symptoms
是非常專業且正式的說法,適用於任何商務場合
Unfortunately, I woke up feeling quite ill and I don’t think I should come into the office. I believe I have a cold.
- 中文:很遺憾,我今天醒來覺得非常不舒服,我覺得我不應該進辦公室。我應該是感冒了
- 情境:這句話暗示了你會為團隊著想,避免傳染給同事,這在辦公室文化中是個加分項
情境三:書面表達
適用時機
Email、正式信件、學術寫作
書信寫作
Dear [Boss’s Name], I am writing to inform you that I will be taking a sick day today, [Date], due to a cold and a sore throat. I will be checking my email periodically for urgent matters.
- 中文:親愛的[主管名字],我寫信是為了通知您,我今天 [日期] 將因感冒和喉嚨痛請病假一天。我會定時查看郵件處理緊急事務
Please accept this email as notification that I will be unable to attend work today because I am feeling unwell. I have symptoms of a cold, including a runny nose and a sore throat.
- 中文:謹以此信通知,由於身體不適,我今天將無法到班。我出現了感冒症狀,包含流鼻水和喉嚨痛
I have come down with a cold and will need to take today off to recover. I hope to be back in the office tomorrow. I will keep the team updated.
- 中文:我感冒了,需要請假一天休養。我希望明天能回到辦公室。我會隨時向團隊更新我的狀況
常見錯誤避免
❌ 錯誤說法
My nose is always flowing water and my throat is pain. I want to holiday.
✅ 正確說法
I have a runny nose and my throat is sore/painful. I’d like to take a day off.
- 中文:我流鼻水,喉嚨也很痛。我想請假一天
錯誤分析
- Flowing water
:這是中文「流水」的逐字翻譯,非常不自然。英文中形容流鼻水專用的詞是 runny nose
- Throat is pain
:Pain
是名詞,這裡需要形容詞 sore
或 painful
來形容喉嚨的狀態
- Holiday
:Holiday
指的是「假日」或「假期」,通常是計畫好的。臨時因病休息應該用 take a day off
、take a sick day
或 call in sick
學習技巧:記住 runny nose
= 流鼻水,sore throat
= 喉嚨痛,take a sick day
= 請病假
實用單字與片語
核心單字
runny [adj.]
- 意思:流鼻水的
- 例句:A runny nose is a common symptom of a cold. (流鼻水是感冒的常見症狀)
sore [adj.]
- 意思:疼痛的,痠痛的
- 例句:I have a sore throat and it hurts to swallow. (我喉嚨痛,吞嚥時很難受)
symptom [n.]
- 意思:症狀
- 例句:Fever and a cough are symptoms of the flu. (發燒和咳嗽是流感的症狀)
實用片語
come down with (something)
- 意思:染上(疾病)
- 例句:I think I’m coming down with the flu. (我感覺我快得流感了)
under the weather
- 意思:身體不舒服
- 例句:She’s been feeling a bit under the weather for a few days. (她這幾天感覺有點不舒服)
call in sick
- 意思:打電話請病假
- 例句:Over 20 employees called in sick this morning. (今天早上有超過20名員工打電話請病假)
實際應用練習
練習情境
用LINE傳訊息給你的好同事
Hey, I’m feeling awful today. Woke up with a really bad sore throat. I’m calling in sick. Can you cover for me in the morning meeting?
嘿,我今天超不舒服的。起床喉嚨就超痛。我要請病假了。早上的會議能幫我cover一下嗎?
打電話給你的主管
Hi [Boss’s Name], it’s [Your Name]. I’m calling to let you know I won’t be in today. I have a cold and a bit of a fever.
嗨,[主管名字],我是[你的名字]。打電話跟您說我今天不會進辦公室。我感冒了,還有點發燒
寫一封正式的病假Email
Subject: Sick Day Notification - [Your Name]
Dear [Manager’s Name],
I am writing to inform you that I will be taking a sick day today as I am not feeling well. I will be available on my phone if anything urgent comes up. Thank you for your understanding.
主旨:病假通知 - [你的名字]
親愛的[經理名字],
謹以此信通知您,因身體不適,我今天將請病假一天。若有任何緊急事務,可以透過電話聯繫我。感謝您的理解
延伸學習
相關表達
I’ve caught a bug.
- 我被傳染了/感冒了(bug
在此指病毒或細菌)
- 例句:I think I caught a bug from my colleague. (我想我被同事傳染了)
I’m feeling under the weather.
- 我不太舒服
- 例句:I’m feeling under the weather, so I’ll skip the gym today. (我不太舒服,所以今天不去健身房了)
I think I’m coming down with something.
- 我好像快要生病了
- 例句:I think I’m coming down with something, my head feels heavy. (我好像快要生病了,頭感覺很重)
學習小偏方
💡 記憶技巧
想像你真的感冒了,鼻子下面掛著兩行鼻水 (runny nose),喉嚨像被砂紙磨過一樣 (sore throat)。將身體的感覺和英文單字連結起來,下次一有症狀就能馬上想到
💡 實用建議
準備一個模板:可以事先將正式的Email請假範本存在手機或電腦裡。這樣當你真的生病不舒服、腦袋昏沉時,只需要改個日期就能快速寄出,非常方便
💡 文化敏感度
簡潔為上:在職場,向主管請病假時,不需要過多描述你的症狀細節。只要簡單說明「不舒服」、「感冒了」或「發燒」即可。過於詳細的描述可能會讓對方感到不自在
思考練習
使用情境
如果你的症狀不只有流鼻水和喉嚨痛,還有頭痛(headache)和發燒(fever),你會怎麼跟你的主管說?類似表達
除了「感冒」,「拉肚子」想請假該怎麼說?(提示:stomach bug, food poisoning)文化背景
想一想,在台灣請病假和在美國請病假,文化上有哪些潛在的差異?(例如:是否需要醫生證明?)
希望這些內容對你有幫助!生病了就好好休息,祝你早日康復 (Hope you feel better soon)!