英文表達："Call in sick" 句型解析

基本句型解釋 

"Call in sick" 是一個常見的英文片語，意思是「打電話請病假」。

• 結構: call + in + sick
• 詞性: 動詞片語 (phrasal verb)
• 意思: 打電話告知不能去上班/上學，因為生病了
• 例句: "He called in sick to work"

在 "He called in sick to work" 中:

• "called in" 是動詞片語
• "sick" 是狀態補語，表示請假的原因
• "to work" 表示打電話的對象或地點 (to + 名詞)

中文學習者容易犯的錯誤

❌ "He called sick to work."

• 錯誤：少了 "in"，這個介系詞是片語的重要組成部分
• 正確："He called in sick to work."

❌ "He called to work for sick."

• 錯誤：句型結構錯誤，表達不明確
• 正確："He called in sick to work."

正確用法舉例 (Correct usage examples)

✅ "I need to call in sick today because I have a fever."
「我今天需要打電話請病假(請假)，因為我發燒了。」

✅ "She called in sick to school yesterday."
「她昨天打電話向學校請了病假。」

✅ "If you're not feeling well, you should call in sick."
「如果你覺得不舒服，你應該打電話請病假(請假)。」

相似句型 (Similar patterns)

英文中有許多類似的 "call in + 狀態" 或其他動詞 + 介系詞 + 狀態的句型：

1. Call in late (打電話說要遲到)
   • "I called in late because my car wouldn't start."
     「我打電話說我會遲到，因為我的車子發動不了。」
2. Call off (取消)
   • "They called off the meeting due to bad weather."
     「他們因為惡劣天氣取消了會議。」
3. Check in (辦理登記/報到)
   • "We need to check in at the hotel by 3 PM."
     「我們需要在下午3點前在飯店辦理入住。」
4. Clock in/out (打卡上/下班)
   • "Remember to clock in when you arrive at work."
     「記得到達工作地點時要打卡上班。」
5. Phone in an order (打電話訂購)
   • "I'll phone in our food order so it's ready when we arrive."
     「我會(先)打電話訂餐，這樣我們到達時就準備好了。」
6. Drop in (順道拜訪)
   • "Feel free to drop in anytime you're in the neighborhood."
     「隨時歡迎你順道來訪，如果你在附近的話。」

實用對話範例 

對話一:

• 員工: "Hello, this is John. I need to call in sick today."
  「您好，我是約翰。我今天需要請病假。」
• 主管: "I'm sorry to hear that. What's wrong?"
  「聽到這消息我很遺憾。怎麼了？」
• 員工: "I have a high fever and a sore throat."
  「我發高燒而且喉嚨痛。」
• 主管: "OK, get some rest. Hope you feel better soon."
  「好的，好好休息。希望你早點好起來。」