"Illness" 和 "Sick" 的差別 - No. 016

Sick 是形容詞，Illness 是名詞

 

基本差異 (Basic Difference)

Illness:

• 詞性: 名詞 (noun)
• 意思: 疾病、病痛（指疾病的狀態或情況）
• 用法: 用來指疾病本身，可以是特定的或一般性的

Sick:

• 詞性: 形容詞 (adjective)
• 意思: 生病的、不舒服的（描述人的狀態）
• 用法: 用來描述人或動物的健康狀況

中文學習者容易犯的錯誤 (Common mistakes by Chinese speakers)

❌ "I have a sick."

• 錯誤：sick 是形容詞，不能直接加冠詞使用
• 正確："I am sick." 或 "I have an illness."

❌ "She is illness."

• 錯誤：illness 是名詞，不能用來描述人
• 正確："She is sick." 或 "She has an illness."

正確用法舉例 (Correct usage examples)

Illness (名詞)

✅ "He has a serious illness." 「他有一種嚴重的疾病。」

✅ "Mental illness affects millions of people worldwide." 「精神疾病影響全球數百萬人。」

✅ "Her illness kept her in bed for a week." 「她的病讓她臥床一週。」

Sick (形容詞)

✅ "I feel sick today." 「我今天感覺不舒服。」

✅ "My daughter is sick with the flu." 「我女兒患了流感。」

✅ "He called in sick to work." 「他打電話請病假。」

常用/日常表達 (Common/everyday expressions)

使用 Illness 的常見表達:

• "She's recovering from a long illness." 「她正在從一場長期疾病中恢復。」
• "Chronic illnesses require ongoing treatment." 「慢性疾病需要持續治療。」
• "The doctor diagnosed him with a rare illness." 「醫生診斷他患有罕見疾病。」

使用 Sick 的常見表達:

• "I'm calling to let you know I'm sick and won't be in today." 「我打電話是想告訴你我生病了，今天不會去上班。」
• "The children were home sick from school." 「孩子們因病在家沒去學校(sick from school)。」
• "I felt sick to my stomach after eating that food." 「吃了那食物後我感到胃不舒服。」

其他相關用法 (Other related usages)

Sick 的額外用法:

• "That's a sick beat!" (俚語：表示很棒、很酷) 「那節奏超讚的！」
• "I'm sick of studying." (厭倦的) 「我厭倦學習了。」
• "He has a sick sense of humor." (不健康的、扭曲的) 「他有一種病態的幽默感。」

Illness 相關詞彙:

• "Mental illness" (心理疾病)
• "Terminal illness" (絕症)
• "Chronic illness" (慢性病)

練習用範例 (Example sentences for practice)

1. "After his long _______, he finally returned to work." (正確答案: illness)
2. "She was too _______ to attend the meeting." (正確答案: sick)
3. "The company provides support for employees with chronic _______." (正確答案: illnesses)
4. "I was feeling _______ yesterday, but I'm better now." (正確答案: sick)